The Ramayana is one of the largest ancient epics in world literature. There have been many attempts to unravel the epic's historical growth and compositional layers various recent scholars' estimates for the earliest stage of the text range from the 7th to 4th centuries BCE, with later stages extending up to the 3rd century CE. The story follows his fourteen-year exile to the forest urged by his father King Dasharatha, on the request of Rama's stepmother Kaikeyi his travels across forests in Bharath with his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana, the kidnapping of Sita by Ravana -the king of Lanka, that resulted in war and Rama's eventual return to Ayodhya to be crowned king amidst jubilation and celebration. The epic, traditionally ascribed to the Maharishi Valmiki, narrates the life of Rama, prince of the legendary kingdom of Kosala. Along with the Mahābhārata, it forms the Hindu Itihasa. Ramayana ( / r ɑː ˈ m ɑː j ə n ə/ Sanskrit: रामायणम्, IAST: Rāmāyaṇam pronounced ) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Mahābhārata.
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